VDL Mode 2 Ground Station โ€” Live

Sovereign Navigation Integrity

Detecting GNSS spoofing in civil aviation through VDL signal physics and AIS maritime cross-correlation โ€” independent of GPS.

TRL 4โ†’6
Development Path
VDL+AIS
Dual-Vector Detection
Baltic
Pilot Corridor

GPS Is a Single Point of Failure

Civil aviation relies almost entirely on GNSS for positioning. Spoofing attacks can silently redirect aircraft by feeding false satellite signals โ€” and current systems have no independent way to verify.

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Position Manipulation

Attackers broadcast counterfeit GPS signals, causing aircraft navigation systems to compute false positions without any onboard alarm.

โš ๏ธ

Baltic Corridor Incidents

Documented GPS spoofing events near Kaliningrad and the eastern Baltic have affected commercial aviation, exposing critical infrastructure vulnerability.

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No Independent Verification

Current RAIM and SBAS systems detect satellite failures โ€” not intentional spoofing. There is no sovereign, ground-truth verification layer.

Two Independent Detection Vectors

WHITTLE-PNT cross-validates reported GNSS positions against physical observables that are impossible to spoof remotely.

Vector 1

VDL Mode 2 Spoofing Validation

Our ground station receives VDL data link transmissions from aircraft. The physical signal carries Doppler and timing signatures that reveal the aircraft's true position โ€” regardless of what the GPS says.

  • Doppler Shift โ€” velocity vector from frequency offset
  • Time of Arrival โ€” slant range from propagation delay
  • Signal Amplitude โ€” distance from inverse-square attenuation
  • Compare reported vs. physics-derived position โ†’ detect discrepancy
Vector 2

AIS Maritime Cross-Correlation

In coastal corridors, ships and aircraft derive positions from the same GPS constellation. If aircraft positions shift but nearby maritime AIS positions remain stable โ€” it's targeted spoofing.

  • Dense mesh of independent maritime position references
  • Cross-domain consensus โ€” air vs. sea GPS consistency
  • Regional detection โ€” identify spoofing zones geographically
  • Baltic advantage โ€” world's busiest maritime + documented spoofing

The Shadow Baseline Engine

A fusion engine that combines all independent data streams into a single navigation integrity score.

01
Ingest
VDL, ADS-B, AIS, Sat-ACARS feeds
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02
Physics
Doppler / ToA position estimation
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03
Correlate
Cross-reference air vs. maritime
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04
Score
Integrity score 0โ€“1 per aircraft
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05
Alert
Real-time spoofing detection
Integrity = wโ‚ยทSvdl + wโ‚‚ยทSais + wโ‚ƒยทSsatacars Svdl = |pos_reported โˆ’ pos_doppler_toa| < ฮต โ†’ [0, 1] Sais = maritime_consensus(cell) โ†” air_position โ†’ [0, 1]
ScoreStatusAction
> 0.85โœ… VerifiedNormal operations
0.50 โ€“ 0.85โš ๏ธ DegradedFlag for human review
< 0.50๐Ÿšจ SpoofingAutomatic escalation + evidence capture

Ground Truth Infrastructure

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VDL Mode 2 Station

Operational ground station receiving live aircraft data links at 136 MHz

๐ŸŒŠ

AIS Integration

Maritime position data from coastal stations and satellite AIS providers

๐Ÿ›ฐ๏ธ

Sat-ACARS

Beyond line-of-sight telemetry via Iridium/Spire satellite links

โšก

HPC Processing

High-performance computing for real-time multi-source data fusion

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Proof of Position

Cryptographic protocol where radio physics serves as the trust anchor

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PNT Dashboard

Real-time visualization of navigation integrity across monitored airspace

ESA NAVISP Element 1

WHITTLE-PNT is developed under the European Space Agency's Navigation Innovation and Support Programme, addressing resilience techniques for GNSS receivers.

Programme
NAVISP Element 1 โ€” EL1-117
Topic
Resilience in Interference, Jamming & Spoofing
TRL Path
TRL 4 โ†’ TRL 6 (Validated Prototype)
Pilot Region
Baltic Corridor & Oceanic Routes
Synergies
FFplus2 (EuroHPC) ยท CORE12.0

Viaratech Sp. z o.o.

Building sovereign navigation integrity for European critical infrastructure.

Malgorzata Tolisz โ€” CEO & Chief System Architect

malgorzata.tolisz@viaratech.com

+48 511 839 132

Turzany 9, 56-160 Wiล„sko, Dolnoล›lฤ…skie, Poland

KRS: 0001048610 ยท REGON: 525915492 ยท ESA-Star: 1df4838f